Spatial Modeling of Road Networks in Al-Iskandariya Sub-District Using GIS Techniques

Abstract

Abstract

This study of the road network in the Al-Iskandariya area serves as a framework for analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of transport infrastructure. It enables the development of future scenarios that contribute to reducing transport-related problems. The study area covers 378 km², distributed across 28 districts. Its road network comprises four categories of roads, totaling 123.65 km in length. Freeways account for 5 km, followed by main roads at 33 km, secondary roads at 15.800 km, and rural roads at 69.85 km. This research aims to use Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to quantitatively and spatially analyze the road network and generate future alternatives to reduce transport problems in the study area. It also seeks to apply theoretical network models and network structure analysis to evaluate turning and spatial reflection indicators and determine network efficiency. Network theory indicated that the turning index in the main road network in the study area was 102% and 109%, reflecting the low degree of curvature and turns in the road routes and the potential for high network efficiency. A set of future alternatives and solutions were proposed, and a map of the land transport road network was created. The research arrived at a set of suitable alternatives and plans to develop the land road network. The first alternative was to build a bridge on the (Baghdad – Karbala) road, the second alternative was to expand the (Baghdad – Hilla – Karbala) road, and the third alternative was to expand Al-Da'ira Street. The appropriate alternative was selected based on weighted criteria according to their importance. It was found that the third alternative was the best, with a total weight of (5). The reason for its low cost is that it already exists and only needs expansion, and it provides excellent service in the field of transportation. The research reached several results that serve the public interest and the Al-Iskandariya area.