Evaluation of the Persian Systematic Translation of 'Mohammad Reza Shafiei Kadkani' from the Arabic Poems of Hafez Based on the Model of 'Jean-Paul Vignaux' and 'Jean D'Arblay'

Abstract

"Jean-Paul Vignaux" and "Jean D'Arblay" are famous theorists in translation criticism. In their book titled French and English Stylistics: A Method for Translation, published in 1995, they presented seven techniques and criteria for appropriate and acceptable translation. These techniques are beneficial for every translator. The use of these techniques by the translator, and studying the extent of their application, reveals the translator’s style, whether it is direct or indirect translation. This research, in its theoretical aspect, discusses the theory of "Vignaux" and "D'Arblay" while analyzing the Persian systematic translation of Arabic verses and quatrains by Hafez Shirazi. The descriptive-analytical method is used to evaluate the quality and translation approach of the translator. The results of the research show that the translator rarely employed direct techniques like borrowing, paraphrasing, and literal translation, which can be justified by the approach the translator adopted in translating poetry. At the same time, the four other methods related to indirect techniques were used, which made the translation fluent and smooth.