التحليل المكاني للمناحل في محافظة النجف باستعمال برنامج نظم المعلومات الجغرافية ( GIS )

Abstract

The spatial analysis of apiaries in Najaf Governorate is an important indicator for. knowing their geographical distribution, spatial patterns and trends .             

              Bees honey is one of the organisms that cannot be separated from the surrounding environment because it depends mainly on what it exists for the requirements of its life. It determines the nature of the vegetation in its various forms of pastures and agricultural production and the following natural and human factors that affect the possibilities of creating and distributing bees and their density according to the appropriate conditions. It has to provide for its nutritional need that guarantees the bees to stay and to beekeepers production in different seasons. Najaf Governorate is one of the Iraqi governorates known as beekeeping. It is a governorate in which the appearances of the surface of the earth vary according to those aspects and what they contain of secondary elements that may constitute attractions for the concentration of beekeeping in a place other than anyone. So the aim of this study was to show the geographical distribution of these bees and the spatial analysis of that distribution To know the prevailing patterns of it according to the equation of the closest neighbor and the general direction of these apiaries, which gives a clear picture that is the basis for specialized studies on the effect and influence of this distribution, whether from the geographical or agricultural side .The data for the apiaries were obtained from the Najaf Agriculture Directorate / Prevention Department and Nahali Najaf Specialized Society as well as the Iraqi Honey Bee Research Center .                                                                As for the positioning, the coordinates of the apiary sites were obtained from the aforementioned authorities, and then converted into points on the map through the Arc Map GIS 10.2.2 program.  By distributing the activity and displaying it with the relevant aspects of the Earth’s surface, the correlation was measured by theoretical methods and depending on the direction of distribution, it was found that surface water represents the most important spatial attraction factors for beekeeping activity in the study area, despite the importance of other aspects that are integral to the sustainability of the mentioned activity .