The Akkadian State During the Reign of King Shar-Kali-Sharri (2254–2230 B.C.)

Abstract

The mismanagement, weakness of the movement, and actual conflicts over power, in addition to the division between the classes, revolutions, and brilliant internal rebellions, all of this and the weakness of the central authority that did not control the countries and the royal region that were under Akkadian dependency, which led to their rebellion against the rule because of the cruelty and the abundance of rule and the abundance of rule, and they will like how beautiful its separation was, and it was not satisfied, but it formed fronts and alliances with other states of society against the Akkadian state Many cities declared their independence from the central government. This political chaos that spread throughout the country made King Shar Kali Sheri busy suppressing the internal revolutions that usually occur when any king takes power. At the same time, he was trying to remove the external threat represented by the Kutian peoples coming from the rugged mountainous regions, who quickly entered the country, taking advantage of the weakness of the state and wreaking havoc and destruction on the land. The attack of the Kutian people was more dangerous, more violent and more brutal. They were known to be barbaric, savage and uncivilized mountain people coming from the Rajros Mountains located on the Iraqi-Iranian border in the eastern regions. Because of the nature of the region from which they came, they possessed military skills that enabled them to become a powerful organized force. They launched a sweeping attack on the lands of Sumer and Akkad. And it was confirmed that certain parts of the country were controlled, and after the death of King Shar Kali Sheri as a result of an internal conspiracy, four weak kings who were subject to the Gutian rule took over the rule. The period of the Gutian rule was considered a dark period because of their destruction of the capital, Akkad, in addition to other cities that were under their control, which were ruined. They destroyed all the cultural landmarks, looted and robbed the citizens’ money, caused political chaos and confusion, and halted the wheel of cultural and civilizational development in the country. They did not leave us any tangible material traces that would enable us t country, placing rulers subordinate to them and under their care, then they withdrew to the northern regions. They took the city of Arrabkha as their capital until they were eliminated by the Sumerian ruler Utu-Hegal.