Spatial Variability Modeling of Selected Soil Chemical Properties Between Al-Saqalawiya and Abu Ghraib Using Modern Techniques

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and model the spatial variability of soil chemical characteristics in the area between Al-Saqalawiya district and Abu Ghraib district. Several soil samples were collected from different locations within the study area and subjected to various chemical analyses, including organic matter (OM), pH measurement, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). The results of spatial analysis showed clear variations in the distribution of soil chemical characteristics. This study represents an important step towards supporting agricultural and administrative decision-making by understanding soil chemical properties and determining their suitability for agricultural activities, thus contributing to the optimal and sustainable use of land resources in the study area.