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Abstract

This study addresses the topic of "Geographical Factors and Their Relationship to the Fragmentation of Agricultural Holdings in Al-Karma District." Its primary objective is to analyze the types and areas of agricultural holdings, reveal their spatial variation across the districts of the study area, and identify agricultural land classifications. The study also seeks to shed light on the extent of land fragmentation and the factors leading to its spread, while proposing appropriate solutions to mitigate its negative effects. Several factors have contributed to the exacerbation of the phenomenon of agricultural land fragmentation, most notably the inheritance system, along with a number of natural and human determinants. This is in addition to the large proportion of rural youth who are taking up civil and security jobs. This has negatively impacted the status of agricultural land, leading to its deterioration and the transformation of large areas into residential areas, whether scattered or clustered. Based on this, the study focused on diagnosing the problem of agricultural land fragmentation and explaining its causes. This was achieved by relying on satellite images from the years 1990–2024 and using statistical methods to analyze changes in plant production during the same period. The study concluded by developing a set of proposed solutions to address the effects of fragmentation on agricultural land, and presenting these results to researchers and decision-makers to support agricultural planning processes.