اتفاقية الخط الاحمر وتأثيرها على المصالح الدولية في نفط العراق 1928-1948 دراسة تاريخية

Abstract

     This study aims to shed light on a very important issue of the history of monopolistic oil companies, which tried hard to control the capabilities of the oil countries by various means through hidden and secret agreements to share their centers of influence in the oil of Iraq and the Middle East, especially the British and American oil interests, which have always intersected their interests in Iraq oil, but in the end they participated through the secret Red Line Agreement in 1928 with the help of the maker of this agreement and its engineer (Gulbenkian) who owns 5% of the oil Iraq, and perhaps the discovery of oil in the Iraq in 1927 was one of the most important reasons for the conclusion of this agreement, which included international oil companies, and the oil countries did not move a finger to steal their oil and the wealth of their peoples against these companies, because of the small financial returns that they received from monopolistic companies, After the discovery of oil in the Arab Gulf countries, oil companies tried to expand their interests at the expense of Iraq oil, but the terms of the Red Line Agreement were restricting this step on the one hand and the refusal of Gulbenkian and the French Oil Company on the other hand, and the outbreak of World War II and its reflection on the owners of oil interests eventually led to the cancellation of the Red Line Agreement with the blessing of all oil interests in 1948.