Climatic fluctuation and its impact on the environment in al-Eazim river basin using GIS

Abstract

The research dealt with the fluctuation (coefficient of variation) and change of climate elements, such as temperature and the amount of rain, and their impact on the environment in al-Eazim River Basin, and drawing special maps using GIS for the time period 2000-2022. The study showed an increase in temperature rates, offset by a decrease in the amount of rainfall falling and a decrease in the actual value of rain, which led to To an increase in the frequency of the number of dry seasons and a decrease in the humidity factor SPI, which led to the spread of a number of drought indicators in the basin, including an increase in the frequency of dust storms, variation in the area and density of vegetation cover, and a lack of agriculture, thus increasing desertification in the basin using a number of methods used to measure drought, the most important of which are Demarton and Lange.