Hydrological analysis of the Kurdala Valley Basin in Dibis District and the possibility of investing in water harvesting using GIS

Abstract

The current study is (hydrological analysis of the Kurdala Valley Basin in Dibis District and its investment in water harvesting). This study is considered one of the important hydrological studies, as the Kurdala Valley Basin is considered among the unmonitored water basins. The geographic information system, topographic maps, and digital elevation model (DEM), which are considered part of artificial intelligence processes, were used as tools to prepare multiple maps of surface sections and a map of the river drainage network. The river network was classified according to the Strahler method into river levels of the basin, and the morphometric and hydrological characteristics were extracted and their relationship with hydrological phenomena and their impact on water discharge and floods were analyzed. Ten secondary basins were identified, varying in their areal, shape, topographic and morphometric characteristics. Six sites were chosen to build dams to collect water, and the fourth dam was the best for harvesting water because of its high storage capacity, as the capacity of the dam lake reaches 16,031,400 cubic metres. It is distinguished by its location that combines the water streams in the valley and is far from cracks and fissures that lead to the loss of large quantities. of water. Satellite visualizations such as Landsat and QuickBird were used in the study. The study recommends the use of geographic information systems in hydrological studies, especially in identifying water collection areas and building dams (water harvesting) to retain water and use it in the future, taking into account the use of modern data such as satellite visualizations and digital elevation models to create a geographic database for hydrological variables.