Mysticism between Doris Lessing's "The Four Gates City" and Elif Shafiq's “Forty Rules for Devotion

Abstract

This paper explores the theme of Mysticism in Elif Shafak's novel "Forty Rules for Devotion" and Doris Lessing's novel "The Four Gates City." Both authors delve into the mystical aspects of Mysticism, a spiritual practice within Islam that emphasizes the pursuit of inner knowledge and the connection with the divine. Through an analysis of the characters, symbolism, and narrative structure in these novels, this paper examines how Mysticism is portrayed and its impact on the characters' spiritual journeys. In "Forty Rules for Devotion," Shafak explores the transformative power of Mysticism through the story of Ella, an American woman who finds solace and guidance in the teachings of mystic Rumi. The novel delves into the forty rules that Rumi presents to his disciples, which serve as a roadmap for spiritual growth and self-discovery. Through Ella's journey, Shafak highlights the transformative potential of Mysticism in overcoming personal struggles and finding inner peace. On the other hand, Lessing's "The Four Gates City" delves into the theme of Mysticism through the character of Alice, a British woman who embarks on a spiritual quest in the midst of political turmoil in the Middle East. As Alice immerses herself in the teachings of Mistic masters, Lessing explores the concept of the "four gates" as symbolic thresholds that lead to spiritual enlightenment. Through Alice's encounters with various Mistic practitioners, Lessing presents a nuanced exploration of Mysticism's role in navigating the complexities of life and finding spiritual fulfillment. By comparing and contrasting the portrayal of Mysticism in these two novels, this paper aims to shed light on the different perspectives and approaches to Mystic spirituality. It examines the ways in which Shafak and Lessing incorporate Mystic teachings, rituals, and symbolism into their narratives, and how these elements contribute to the characters' spiritual growth and understanding. Ultimately, this paper seeks to deepen our understanding of Mysticism as a spiritual practice and its significance in contemporary literature.